Excel Skills Starter · free course

Free course · Lesson 2 of 5

Core Functions for Real Work

In this lesson you will

  • Write decisions with IF and IFS
  • Total and count with conditions using SUMIFS and COUNTIFS

Beyond SUM and AVERAGE, a handful of functions cover most real business needs: conditional logic and conditional counting/summing.

  • =IF(condition, value_if_true, value_if_false) — e.g. =IF(B2>=50,"Pass","Fail").
  • =COUNTIF(range, criteria) — counts cells matching a condition, e.g. =COUNTIF(C2:C50,"Present").
  • =SUMIF(range, criteria, sum_range) — adds values matching a condition, e.g. total sales for one region.
  • Nesting functions: functions can be combined, e.g. =IF(COUNTIF(C2:C50,"Absent")>5,"At Risk","OK").

Practical Skill: Build a class or staff attendance sheet that automatically counts total "Present" and "Absent" days per person using COUNTIF, and flags anyone with more than 5 absences using IF.

TemplateAttendance Tracker Formulas
Worksheet
=== ATTENDANCE TRACKER ===       A            B     C     D     ...   H            I1     Name         Mon   Tue   Wed         Days Present  Status2     Amuor D.     P     P     A           =COUNTIF(B2:G2,"P")   =IF(H2<10,"At Risk","OK")3     Deng K.      P     P     P           =COUNTIF(B2:G2,"P")   =IF(H2<10,"At Risk","OK") === FUNCTIONS USED ===  COUNTIF(range, "P")     Counts "Present" marks  SUMIF(range, "North", sales_range)   Totals sales for "North" region only  IF(H2<10, "At Risk", "OK")           Flags low attendance

Practice exercise

From a list of sales, calculate total sales for one branch in one month with SUMIFS, and count the sales above 10,000 SSP with COUNTIFS.

Key takeaways

  • IFS tests conditions in order
  • SUMIFS and COUNTIFS handle several conditions at once
  • Put criteria in cells, not inside formulas
In the full program Module 2: Lookup and Logical Functions See how this topic is taught in depth, with practical activities and an assessment.

Free self-study lesson — no certificate. For the full instructor-led program, see registration options.