Troubleshooting Common Problems

Good troubleshooting is systematic: change one thing at a time, and always start with the simplest possible cause before assuming the worst.

• Won't turn on: Check the power cable and outlet first (try a different outlet). For laptops, try a different charger if available. Listen/watch for any fan spin or lights.
• Very slow: Check Task Manager for a program using very high CPU, memory, or disk. Check available storage space. Scan for malware.
• Overheating / shuts down randomly: Check for dust blocking fans and vents (see Module 4). Make sure the computer isn't in direct sun or an enclosed space.
• No display but computer sounds like it's on: Check the monitor cable and that the monitor is on and set to the right input. Try reseating the RAM (power off first).

Practical Skill: Practice the troubleshooting flow below on a real reported problem (ask a classmate to describe symptoms) and walk through it step by step before touching anything.

=== "COMPUTER WON'T TURN ON" — DIAGNOSTIC FLOW === 1. Is it plugged in AND is the outlet working?   -> Test the outlet with another device (e.g. a phone charger)   NO power to outlet -> problem is the outlet/electricity, not the PC 2. Do any lights or fans turn on at all when you press power?   NO lights/fans -> likely power supply or power cable fault   YES lights/fans but no display -> go to step 3 3. Is the monitor definitely on and set to the correct input?   Try a different monitor or TV if one is available 4. Still nothing? Power off completely, unplug, and reseat   the RAM stick(s) — remove gently, blow out the slot,   reinsert firmly until it clicks 5. Still unresolved after these steps -> this is a hardware   fault that needs a trained technician or replacement part   — don't keep swapping components randomly, it wastes time   and risks further damage