Intermediate level · Module 5: Audio Post-Production · Lesson 3 of 3

Loudness Standards

Deliver audio at a consistent, appropriate loudness.

In this lesson you will

Measure loudness in LUFS
Set targets and peak limits

Key concepts

LUFStrue peakloudness targetsplatform normalisation

The lesson

Loudness is measured in LUFS (loudness units relative to full scale), which reflects how loud audio sounds over time.

Broadcasters and platforms set loudness targets and normalise audio; check the current guidance for each destination and keep true peaks below the limit to avoid distortion.

Consistent loudness across an organisation's videos looks professional and saves viewers adjusting volume.

Step by step

Measure the mix's loudness.
Adjust to the target.
Limit true peaks.
Export and re-measure.

Troubleshooting tree

What's wrong with this audio?

A path from the problem you hear to the right fix.

Does the voice crackle or distort on loud words, with meters hitting the top?

Yes
The recording clipped. Distortion cannot be fully removed: use a cleaner take or another microphone's recording, or re-record. Next time, set recording levels lower.
No
Is there a steady background noise, such as a fan, generator or hum?
- Yes
  Apply gentle noise reduction using a sample of the noise alone, plus a high-pass filter for low hum. Stop before the voice sounds robotic.
- No
  Is the voice clear but much quieter or louder than other clips?
  - Yes
    Balance clip levels, add gentle compression and bring the whole mix to the loudness target.
  - No
    If the voice sounds distant or echoey, use closer microphone placement next time; reduce echo gently with a de-reverb tool where available.

Notes

Listen on headphones and on a phone speaker. Viewers forgive imperfect pictures far more readily than poor sound.

Practice activity

Bring the mix to the agreed loudness target.

Expected result: A measured mix meeting the target.

Check your understanding

What does LUFS measure?

Show answer
Perceived loudness over time.
Why limit true peaks?

Show answer
To avoid distortion.

Taught live by an instructor — online or in person. Free course lessons are for self-study and do not lead to a certificate — see registration options.